Goddard Day 2024 is on Saturday, March 16, 2024: Who is Nichola Goddard?

Saturday, March 16, 2024 is Goddard Day 2024. 3705637394_1ebae09248_o.jpg 3705637394_1ebae09248_o.jpg

Who is Nichola Goddard?

Captain Nichola Kathleen Sarah Goddard (1980 – 2006) was the first female Canadian soldier killed while serving in the combat arms, and was the 16th Canadian soldier killed in Canadian operations in Afghanistan.

Profile

Family-released photoBorn to Canadian schoolteachers in New Guinea, Goddard spent most of her life in Calgary, Alberta. Nicknamed "Carebear", her hobbies included cross-country skiing and running, and she had competed in biathlon events. She led a local Girl Guides troop, and had two dogs and two cats.

Goddard arrived in Afghanistan in January 2006, and had been serving with the Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry as a Forward Observation Officer at the time of her death; her parent unit was the 1st Royal Canadian Horse Artillery (1RCHA), Canada's senior Regular Force artillery regiment.

The battle

Goddard was killed on May 17, 2006, during a firefight in the Panjwaye District. It was part of a joint two-day operation between Canadian and Afghan troops, to secure Kandahar's outskirts after a rumor of Taliban preparations to launch an assault on the city. As troops were moving into a mosque to capture 15 alleged Taliban members, several dozen hidden militants began firing from neighbouring houses. As a crew commander, Goddard was standing half-exposed in her LAV, which was hit by two rocket-propelled grenades early in the battle.

The battle ended after approximately 45 minutes, shortly after an American B-1 Lancer dropped a 225kh bomb. In the end, the two-day operation saw Goddard, an Afghan National Army soldier, and 40 Taliban killed, as well as approximately 20 Taliban captured including one that may be Mullah Dadullah.

After Effects

Globe & Mail, Thursday, May 18th, 2006 Prime Minister Stephen Harper was the first to mention her death, opening a Parliamentary debate hours later, stating that he wasn't aware if it was a "first" female combat death for Canada, and that he wouldn't release her name until her husband Jason had been notified.

It was later announced that her husband would be the first widower to receive the Memorial Cross, which is traditionally presented to widows and mothers of war dead.

The return home

The family arranged for a public funeral at St. Barnabas Anglican Church in Calgary, to be held on Friday May 26th.

Ranks held

Captain (as of 2006)

2nd Lieutenant (as of 2003)

Goddard School??

Goddard School??

I have never used the Goddard School for child care purposes and they will cost more than $100 a week for 2 days a week unless you have child care vouchers from NJ.

I know in MD, 2 day a week child care costs $100 a week not including state subsidies. In NJ with a franchised day care operator, $200 a week for 2 day a week care sounds reasonable.

what is robert goddards impacto n the world? how is he important to man?

what is robert goddards impacto n the world? how is he important to man?

Robert Hutchings Goddard, Ph.D. (October 5, 1882 – August 10, 1945), U.S. professor and scientist, was a pioneer of controlled, liquid-fueled rocketry. He launched the world's first liquid-fueled rocket on March 16, 1926. From 1930 to 1935 he launched rockets that attained speeds of up to 885 km/hour (550 miles/hour). Though his work in the field was revolutionary, he was sometimes ridiculed for his theories. He received little recognition during his lifetime, but would eventually come to be called one of the fathers of modern rocketry for his life's work.[1][2]

Contents [hide]

1 Early life and inspiration

2 Education and early work

2.1 First patents

2.2 Mid to late 1910s

2.3 A Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes

3 New York Times criticism

4 First flight

5 Lindbergh and Goddard

6 Roswell, New Mexico

7 Legacy

8 Media

9 See also

10 Quotations

11 Timeline

12 Patents of interest

13 References

14 External links

[edit] Early life and inspiration

Robert Goddard was born in Worcester, Massachusetts to Nahum Danford Goddard (1859–1928) and Fannie Louise Hoyt (1864–1920). Robert was their only child to live to adulthood. Another, younger, son was born with physical disabilities, and died not long after birth.[citation needed] When the age of electric power began to take shape in U.S. cities in the 1880s, the young Goddard became interested in science. When his father showed him how to generate static electricity on the family's carpet, the five-year-old's imagination was inspired. Robert experimented, believing he could jump higher if the zinc in batteries could somehow be charged with static electricity. The experiments failed, but his imagination would continue undiminished.

Goddard developed a fascination with flight, first with kites and then with balloons. He also became a thorough diarist and documenter of his own work, a skill that would greatly benefit his later career. These interests merged at age 16, when Goddard attempted to construct a balloon made with aluminum, shaping the raw metal in his home workshop. After nearly five weeks of methodical, documented efforts, he finally abandoned the project. However, the lesson of this failure did not restrain Goddard's growing determination and confidence in his work.

He became interested in space when he read H.G. Wells's science fiction classic The War of the Worlds when he was 16 years old. His dedication to pursuing rocketry became fixed on October 19, 1899. While climbing a cherry tree to cut off dead limbs, he imagined, as he later wrote, "how wonderful it would be to make some device which had even the possibility of ascending to Mars, and how it would look on a small scale, if sent up from the meadow at my feet."[3] For the rest of his life he observed October 19 as "Anniversary Day", a private commemoration of the day of his greatest inspiration.

[edit] Education and early work

A thin and frail boy, almost always in fragile health from stomach problems, Goddard fell two years behind his school classmates. He became a voracious reader, regularly visiting the local public library to borrow books on the physical sciences. Later, he continued his formal schooling as an 18-year-old sophomore at South High School in Worcester. His peers twice elected him class president. At his graduation ceremony in 1904, he gave his class oration as valedictorian. In his speech, Goddard included a phrase that would become emblematic of his life: "It has often proved true that the dream of yesterday is the hope of today, and the reality of tomorrow." Goddard enrolled at Worcester Polytechnic Institute in 1904. He quickly impressed the head of the physics department, A. Wilmer Duff, with his thirst for knowledge. Professor Duff took him on as a laboratory assistant and tutor.

His social activities continued at Worcester. He joined the Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity, and began a long courtship with Miriam Olmstead, an honor student who was second in his high school class. Eventually, she and Goddard were engaged, but they drifted apart, and the engagement ended around 1909.

While still an undergraduate, Goddard wrote a paper proposing a method for “balancing aeroplanes,” and submitted the idea to Scientific American, which published the paper in 1907. Goddard later wrote in his diaries that he believed his paper was the first proposal of a way to stabilize aircraft in flight. His proposal came around the same time as other scientists were making breakthroughs in developing functional gyroscopes.

Goddard received his B.S. degree in physics from Worcester Polytechnic Institute in 1908, and then enrolled at Clark University in the fall of that year.

His first writing on the possibility of a liquid-fueled rocket came in February 1909. Goddard had begun to study ways of increasing a rocket’s energy efficiency using methods alternative to conventional, powder rockets. He wrote in his journal about an idea of using liquid hydrogen as a fuel with liquid oxygen as the oxidizer. He believed a 50 percent efficiency could be achieved with liquid fuel, an efficiency much greater than that of conventional rockets.

Goddard received his M.A. degree from Clark University in 1910, and then completed his Ph.D. at Clark in 1911. In 1912, he accepted a research fellowship at Princeton University.

[edit] First patents

In the decades around 1900, radio was a new technology, a fertile field for exploration and innovation. In 1911, while working at Clark University in Worcester, Mass., Goddard investigated the effects of radio waves on insulators.[4] In order to generate radio-frequency power, he invented a vacuum tube that operated like a cathode-ray tube. U.S. Patent No. 1,159,209 was issued on November 2, 1915. This was the first use of a vacuum tube to amplify a signal, preceding even Lee de Forest's claim.[5][6][7] It thus marked the beginning of the electronic age.

In early 1913, Goddard became seriously ill with tuberculosis, and he was forced to leave his position at Princeton. He returned to Worcester, where he began a prolonged process of recovery.

It was during this recuperative period that Goddard began to produce his most important work. In 1914, his first two landmark patents were accepted and registered. The first, U.S. Patent 1,102,653 , described a multi-stage rocket. The second, U.S. Patent 1,103,503 , described a rocket fueled with gasoline and liquid nitrous oxide. The two patents would become important milestones in the history of rocketry.

Goddard's critical breakthrough in rocketry was to use as a rocket engine the steam turbine nozzle that had been invented by the Swedish inventor Gustaf de Laval. The de Laval nozzle allows the most efficient ("isentropic") conversion of the energy of hot gases into forward motion.[8] By means of this nozzle, Goddard increased the efficiency of his rocket engines from 2 percent to 64 percent.[9][10] This greatly reduced the amount of rocket fuel required to lift a given mass and thus made interplanetary travel practical.

[edit] Mid to late 1910s

In the fall of 1914, Goddard's health had improved enough for him to accept a part-time teaching position at Clark University. By 1916, the cost of his rocket research was becoming too much for his modest teaching salary to bear. He began to solicit financial assistance from outside sponsors, beginning with the Smithsonian Institution, which agreed to a five-year grant totaling $5,000. Worcester Polytechnic Institute allowed him to use their Magnetics Laboratory on the edge of campus during this time.

Not all of Goddard's early work was geared towards space travel. He developed the basic idea of the bazooka and, using a music rack for a launcher, demonstrated the weapon at Aberdeen Proving Ground two days before the Armistice that ended World War I. Another Clark University researcher continued Goddard's work on the bazooka, leading to the weapon used in World War II.

[edit] A Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes

In 1919, the Smithsonian Institution published Goddard's groundbreaking work, A Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes. The book describes Goddard's mathematical theories of rocket flight, his research in solid-fuel and liquid-fuel rockets, and the possibilities he saw of exploring the earth and beyond. Along with Konstantin Tsiolkovsky's earlier work, The Exploration of Cosmic Space by Means of Reaction Devices (1903), Goddard's book is regarded as one of the pioneering works of the science of rocketry, and is believed to have influenced the work of German pioneers Hermann Oberth and Wernher von Braun.

Though most of this work concerns the theoretical and experimental relations between propellant, rocket mass, thrust and velocity, a final section (pp. 54-57) titled Calculation of minimum mass required to raise one pound to an "infinite" altitude discussed the possible uses of rockets, not only to reach the upper atmosphere, but to escape from Earth's gravitation altogether. Included as a thought experiment is the idea of launching a rocket to the moon and igniting a mass of flash powder on its surface, so as to be visible through a telescope. The matter is discussed seriously, down to an estimate of the amount of powder required; Goddard's conclusion was that a rocket with starting mass of 3.21 tons could produce a flash "just visible" from the Earth.

Forty years later, Goddard's concept was vindicated when the Soviet space probe Luna 2 impacted the Moon on September 14, 1959, though radio tracking did away with the need for flash powder.

[edit] New York Times criticism

The publication of Goddard's document gained him national attention from U.S. newspapers. Although Goddard's discussion of targeting the moon was only a small part of th

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